Inflation and prices

The longest yearly series on each page, from the source that counts most. Hover or use arrow keys for each year.

• US consumer price inflation, 2025

  % change in average consumer prices from the previous year, 1914–2025, BLS CPI-U
• Consumer price inflation in Norway (KPI), 2025

  % change in average consumer prices from the previous year, 1921–2025, SSB KPI
• UK Retail Prices Index change, 2025

  % change in the Retail Prices Index from the previous year, 1949–2025, ONS RPI

Put the first two on one chart in Compare

• 2026, SSB KPI: Reference year changed to 2025=100 from February 2026 (table 14709 replaces 08981). SSB: rates calculated on the new base may differ from those published before, mainly through rounding. source · page
• 2026, SSB CPI-ATE: Moved to table 14707 with reference year 2025=100 from February 2026; SSB says rates on the new base may differ from earlier published ones, mainly through rounding. source · page
• 2025, BLS CPI-U: October 2025 index not published: BLS footnote X, "Data unavailable due to the 2025 lapse in appropriations". The 2025 annual average is the mean of the 11 published months. source · page
• 2025, BLS core CPI: October 2025 index not published: BLS footnote X, "Data unavailable due to the 2025 lapse in appropriations". The 2025 annual average is the mean of the 11 published months. source · page
• 2024, OECD: The OECD flags the 2024 value as "Time series break". source · page
• 2023, BLS CPI-U: Expenditure weights updated every year instead of every two years. source · page
• 2023, BLS core CPI: Expenditure weights updated every year instead of every two years. source · page
• 2021, OECD: The OECD flags the 2021 value as "Low reliability". source · page
• 2020, SSB KPI: Some price indices for services are based on estimated values as of April 2020 (SSB table note). source · page
• 2020, OECD: The OECD flags the 2020 value as "Low reliability". source · page
• 2017, ONS CPIH: Accredited official statistics status of CPIH reinstated on 31 July 2017; CPIH became the lead measure in ONS's Consumer Price Inflation bulletin from 21 March 2017. source · page
• 2016, SSB KPI: Consumption classification extended to ECOICOP; classification by delivery sector revised. source · page
• 2013, ONS RPI: The UK Statistics Authority cancelled the RPI's National Statistics designation in 2013 because its methods are not consistent with internationally recognised best practice. source · page
• 2013, ONS RPI: In January 2013 the National Statistician announced that future changes to the RPI would be limited to routine changes such as the basket update. source · page
• 2013, IMF WEO: The IMF issued a declaration of censure against Argentina over the inaccuracy of the official CPI-GBA and GDP data reported to the Fund (Press Release 13/33, 1 February 2013). source · page
• 2012, IMF WEO: The IMF Executive Board found insufficient progress by Argentina on remedial measures to address the quality of the official CPI for Greater Buenos Aires (CPI-GBA) reported to the Fund. source · page
• 2011, SSB KPI: National accounts data replaced the Household Budget Survey (used since 1960) as the weighting source; the price reference month changed from July to December. source · page
• 2011, OECD: The OECD flags the 2011 value as "Time series break". source · page
• 2010, ONS RPI: Improvements to the measurement of mortgage interest payments, seasonal items, new car prices and private rents introduced in 2010, 2011 and 2012. source · page
• 2007, BLS CPI-U: Indexes published to three decimal places from January 2007 (one decimal before). source · page
• 2007, BLS core CPI: Indexes published to three decimal places from January 2007 (one decimal before). source · page
• 2005, SSB KPI: The food and non-alcoholic beverages sub-index became based exclusively on electronic scanner data. source · page
• 2005, ONS CPIH: CPIH launched in early 2013 with a back series from 2005; in December 2018 ONS published estimates back to 1988 as an official statistic, not a National Statistic. source · page
• 2004, BLS CPI-U: Price collection extended to all business days of the month. source · page
• 2004, BLS core CPI: Price collection extended to all business days of the month. source · page
• 2003, SSB CPI-ATE: SSB table note: the CPI-AT and CPI-ATE time series start in 2003 (July 1999=100). source · page
• 2003, ONS CPI: The Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices was renamed the CPI in December 2003, when it became the basis of the government's inflation target. source · page
• 2002, BLS CPI-U: Expenditure weights updated every two years (biennial) instead of at decade-long intervals; chained CPI-U (C-CPI-U) added. source · page
• 2002, BLS core CPI: Expenditure weights updated every two years (biennial) instead of at decade-long intervals; chained CPI-U (C-CPI-U) added. source · page
• 2000, ONS CPI: With effect from the January 2000 index, the coverage of goods and services was extended, in stages after that. source · page
• 1999, SSB KPI: SSB modernised and improved the revision process and calculation methods, and changed the consumption classification to COICOP. source · page
• 1999, BLS CPI-U: BLS began using a geometric mean formula for most basic indexes, which it says mitigates lower-level substitution bias; owners' equivalent rent estimated directly from rents. source · page
• 1999, BLS core CPI: BLS began using a geometric mean formula for most basic indexes, which it says mitigates lower-level substitution bias; owners' equivalent rent estimated directly from rents. source · page
• 1998, BLS CPI-U: Sixth comprehensive revision: weights from the 1993-95 Consumer Expenditure Survey; item classification extensively revised. source · page
• 1998, BLS core CPI: Sixth comprehensive revision: weights from the 1993-95 Consumer Expenditure Survey; item classification extensively revised. source · page
• 1998, IMF WEO: From 1998, the WEO's inflation values for Estonia equal the HICP published by the OECD rather than the national CPI; for earlier years they equal the national CPI in 0 of 0 years. RealStats compared the two OECD series with the WEO values. source · page
• 1998, IMF WEO: From 1998, the WEO's inflation values for Lithuania equal the HICP published by the OECD rather than the national CPI; for earlier years they equal the national CPI in 0 of 2 years. RealStats compared the two OECD series with the WEO values. source · page
• 1997, IMF WEO: From 1997, the WEO's inflation values for Germany equal the HICP published by the OECD rather than the national CPI; for earlier years they equal the national CPI in 13 of 17 years. RealStats compared the two OECD series with the WEO values. source · page
• 1997, IMF WEO: From 1997, the WEO's inflation values for Latvia equal the HICP published by the OECD rather than the national CPI; for earlier years they equal the national CPI in 3 of 4 years. RealStats compared the two OECD series with the WEO values. source · page
• 1997, IMF WEO: From 1997, the WEO's inflation values for Netherlands equal the HICP published by the OECD rather than the national CPI; for earlier years they equal the national CPI in 5 of 16 years. RealStats compared the two OECD series with the WEO values. source · page

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